Vitamin D status, calcium metabolism and linear growth parameters in exclusively breast fed term infants with and without supplementation of Vitamin D
Abstract
Objective: To compare the levels of vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase and linear growth parameters in exclusively breast fed term infants with and without supplementation of vitamin D.
Design: Interventional study (Non Randomized).
Setting: Department of Paediatrics and OBG in a Tertiary care Teaching Hospital, Mysuru.
Participants: 60 term Healthy Neonates who were delivered in the hospital. In order to estimate the expected level with an allowable error of 20% and 95% confidence, the required sample size was considered to be a minimum of 28 for each group of only breast fed and breast fed with vitamin D supplementation. Thus we recruited 30 healthy term newborns for each group in our study.
Main outcome measures: Study infants were divided into two groups, Group A-Only breast fed; Group B-breast fed with Vitamin D supplementation (800 IU/day for 4 months). The cord blood sample reports and linear growth parameters at birth with results at the end of 4th month+15days between the two groups were compared and statistical analysis was made.
Results: This study showed significant improvement in vitamin D, calcium and phosphorus levels at the end of 4 months after supplementing daily 800 IU of vitamin D (cholecalciferol). However, there were no significant change in linear growth parameters between the two groups at the end of 4 months.
Conclusion: This study shows the advantage of supplementing vitamin D to all infants at a relatively higher (800IU) but safe dose since birth in preventing rickets and complications of hypocalcemia.
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