A study of renal functions in asphyxiated term newborns
Abstract
Introduction: Hypoxia and ischemia can cause damage to almost every tissue and organ in the body. Birth asphyxia is the most important cause of renal damage in term infants. This study was performed to evaluate the renal functions and to compare them with various grades of birth asphyxia in term newborns. This was also compared with levels in healthy term newborns.
Methods: The present study was conducted at the Special Care Neonatal Unit of Mahila Chikitsalaya, SMS Medical College, Jaipur. It was a hospital based comparative analysis conducted from October 2015 to September 2016. It included 100 consecutive term neonates who suffered asphyxia at birth as cases and 50 consecutive healthy term newborns as controls.
Results: Out of 100 asphyxiated cases, 20% had mild asphyxia (Apgar 6-7), 35% had moderate asphyxia (Apgar 4-5) and 45% had severe asphyxia (Apgar ≤3). Oliguria (Transient and Persistent) was more commonly seen in severely asphyxiated babies as compared to mild asphyxia (p=0.014) and moderate asphyxia (p=0.006). Blood urea and serum creatinine levels on Day 2 and Day 3 of life were significantly raised in severely asphyxiated babies as compared to mildly asphyxiated newborn. The serum electrolytes showed no significant difference among the three categories of asphyxia.
Conclusion: Early estimation of blood urea, serum creatinine and monitoring of urine output should be done in all asphyxiated newborns so that the renal dysfunction can be detected earlier and appropriate measures can be taken in time to prevent renal damage in such newborns.
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References
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