Current Scenario of Neonatal Sepsis in West U.P
Abstract
Background: Sepsis is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in neonates. Babies born with weight which is ≤2500 grams and those who are born prematurely are the main victims of neonatal sepsis. Early and prompt diagnosis is very crucial for intact survival. Clinical symptoms alone cannot be taken as a criteria to diagnose neonatal sepsis. Thus, for early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis, in addition to clinical signs and symptoms, a test is required which is easy, affordable and rapid.
Materials and Method: A cross sectional study was done between March, 2017 and May, 2018 in the Department of Pediatrics, S.N. Medical College, Agra. Before giving the first shot of antibiotic, blood samples of neonates were obtained by peripheral venous puncture under strict aseptic precautions and were evaluated for serial C- Reactive protein levels and complete blood counts. Blood culture were sent in all suspected sepsis neonates.
Results: Among total 58 suspected sepsis cases, 22 and 36 were females and males respectively; 8 neonates were Extremely Low Birth Weight, 14 were Very Low Birth Weight, 17 were Low Birth Weight & 19 were of normal birth weight; 38 and 20 neonates were preterm and term respectively; 21 presented within 72 hours of birth while 37 neonates were of Late onset sepsis. C-Reactive Protein were positive in 70.6% cases initially and 86.2% cases were positive after 24 hours. 19 were found to be proven culture positive.
Conclusion: Serial C-Reactive Protein measurement is a better indicator of neonatal sepsis. In addition to clinical signs and symptoms and presence of neonatal and maternal risk factors, serial C-Reactive Protein should be used to detect early and late neonatal sepsis. Probable sepsis cases should always be confirmed with blood culture.
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