A study on prevalence of hearing impairment in newborns with birth asphyxia admitted to neonatal intensive care unit
Abstract
Background:Hearing is a vital part of a newborn’s contact with his environment. Consequences of perinatal asphyxia range from death to various degrees of neuro-developmental sensory or motor deficits. One of its well-known sequelae is sensorineural hearing impairment. Hence this study was undertaken to find the prevalence of hearing impairment in inborn neonates with birth asphyxia.
Methods: Prospective Observational study was conducted to assess the prevalence of hearing loss in neonates with birth asphyxia admitted to the NICU at KIMS, Hubballi, Karnataka, India, from January 2015 to December 2015. Auditory function was examined by Otoacoustic emission (OAE) followed by auditory brainstem response (ABR) test and distortion product OAE (DPOAE). Statistical analysis, Chi-square test was used and testing data was analysed using the SPSS software version 22.
Results: Among the 150 neonates, prevalence of hearing impairment among term neonates with birth asphyxia was 9.9% (14/141). Babies with severe birth asphyxia (P=0.00037), hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (P=0.00914), convulsions (P=0.0093) and those who were mechanically ventilated (P=0.0003) were more prone to develop hearing impairment.
Conclusions: The prevalence of hearing impairment among term neonates with birth asphyxia was 9.9% (14/141). Two staged screening with OAE, which is a feasible screening test in resource poor set up, can be used as a screening modality for hearing impairment in babies with birth asphyxia.
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References
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