A study on acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in children
Abstract
Introduction: Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an acute demyelinating disorder of central nervous system characterized by scattered focal / multifocal inflammation of brain & spinal cord that usually follows an apparently benign infection in otherwise healthy children & young adults. It represents 30% of all childhood encephalitic illnesses.
Material & Method: The study was conducted over a period of two years from October 2016 to September 2018 at S C B Medical College, Cuttack. The patient fulfilling the inclusion criteria were taken into study.
Result: Early institution of with immunosuppressive drugs hastens recovery and reduces morbidity. Despite the serious neuropsychiatric manifestations ADEM in children generally has good outcome. Children with ADEM need long term follow up for cognitive impairments and emotional problems.
Conclusion: ADEM most commonly presently as an acute polysymptomatic encephalopathy and initially diagnosis may not be clear. Clinical evaluation, MRI & CSF study are most useful to establish the diagnosis and rule out important differential diagnosis. Early institution of therapy with immunosuppressive therapy hasten recovery and reduces mortality.
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